If a rigged coin is mixed in with twenty coins, how many tosses does it take to catch it

Archived study

Simulates finding one biased coin among twenty fair coins by comparing head counts. The archive varies bias and toss count and estimates identification probability under a fixed tie-breaking rule.

Interpretation and limits

The reported counts are approximate crossings on a simulated grid, not universal exact sample-size minima. The answer depends on bias, confidence target, selection rule, and the number of coins.

Package and provenance

The original .science export and matching poster are preserved byte-for-byte from the upstream case. The package contains the conversation, session metadata, and the resources inventoried in its internal manifest. This introduction summarizes the archived record; the research, external sources, and model evaluations were not rerun for this import.